本文利用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2010年的数据，以家谱作为宗族文化的代理变量，探究宗族文化对家庭内的性别劳动分工的影响。本文主要的发现为，有家谱的家庭相比于无家谱的家庭，男性的家务时间在夫妻总家务时间中的占比更低。进一步地，本文试图区分文化的纵向家庭传递和横向社会压力两股力量，并发现主导男性家务劳动决策的关键是社区环境的压力，即所在村居的大多数家庭的家务模式，影响到每一位男性在家务中的角色。当使用不同的宗族文化的衡量方式，更大范围的文化社区定义以及选择不同的样本和模型等稳健性检验之后，上述结论也基本成立。宗族文化形成的社会压力主要对男性的家务劳动时间产生影响，对女性的影响不显著，对照顾家人的时间占比的影响也不显著。而且，宗族文化的效应在农村更加明显，城市则由于现代化程度较高，难再受到宗族文化的影响。对于中国的不同省份来说，宗族文化对于男性家务时间占比也呈现不同程度的影响。文化作为非正式制度往往变化缓慢，因此可以预见宗族文化对于家务分工格局的影响还将持续。但现代化和市场化的发展，以及针对社区的文化宣传政策，将有利于家庭内部的性别平等的发展。

Using data from CFPS (2010), this paper uses the genealogy as a proxy variable of clan culture to study the impact of clan culture on the gender division of housework. This paper mainly finds that those husbands in the families with a genealogy bear a lower share of housework than those without a genealogy. Further, this paper distinguishes between two forces of culture persistence, i.e., intergenerational transmission and conformism, finding that husband’s share of housework depends more on the pressure from his community (conformism). Husbands conform to the traditional pattern of housework division in other families within the same community. And the conclusions above are robust to all kinds of tests, including alternative measurements of clan culture, alternative definition of community, more control variables, more accurate samples, and nonlinear models. The social pressure formed by clan culture mainly affects men, but not significant for wife’s housework time and husband’s share of time spent on caring for family. Also, the effects of clan culture are more significant in rural areas than urban areas, which have been more modernized. Moreover, clan culture also has different effects on the division of housework in different provinces in China. As an informal institution, clan culture will continue to influence household division of labor in the foreseeable future. However, modernization, marketization, and community-level policies on promoting culture of equality will surely promote gender equality.

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